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    python 实现Requests发送带cookies的请求

    作者:葛木瓜 时间:2021-07-26 18:54

    一、缘 起

    最近学习【悠悠课堂】的接口自动化教程,文中提到Requests发送带cookies请求的方法,笔者随之也将其用于手头实际项目中,大致如下

    二、背 景

    实际需求是监控平台侧下发消息有无异常,如有异常便触发报警推送邮件,项目中下发消息接口需要带cookies

    三、说 明

    脚本的工程名为ynJxhdSendMsg,大致结构如下图

    1. sendMsg.py为主程序,函数checkMsg为在已发消息列表中查找已下发消息,函数sendMsg为发消息并根据结果返回对应的标识
    2. sendAlertEmail.py为发送邮件程序,在sendMsg.py中根据不同标识调用sendAlertEmail.py下的send_alert_email函数发报警邮件

    四、实 现

    【重点】发请求之前先加载cookies,方法如下

    ~
    ......
    ~
    # 加载cookies
    # 第一步,引入RequestsCookieJar()
    coo = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
    # 第二步,设置cookies参数,coo.set('key', 'value')
    coo.set('__utma', '82342229.1946326147.***.1545556722.1545556733.4')
    coo.set('JSESSIONID', 'D898010550***ADB0600BF31FF')
    # 第三步,引入seeeion(),并update
    sess = requests.session()
    sess.cookies.update(coo)
    ~
    ......
    ~

    sendMsg.py

    1. 发送带当前时间戳的特定消息,在发送成功后便于通过时间戳检索
    2. 函数checkMsg为在已发消息列表中查找已下发消息
    3. 函数sendMsg为发消息并根据结果返回对应的标识
    4. 导入sendAlertEmail模块的send_alert_email方法,在sendMsg.py中根据不同标识调用send_alert_email函数发报警邮件
    #!/usr/bin/python
    # coding=utf-8
    # author: 葛木瓜
    # 2018.12.20
    
    import requests
    import time
    import re
    import sys
    sys.path.append('./')
    from sendAlertEmail import send_alert_email
    
    now = time.strftime('%Y.%m.%d %H:%M:%S') # 获取当前时间
    sendMsg_url = 'http://*.*.*.*/interactive/sendMessage.action'
    msgList_url = 'http://*.*.*.*/interactive/sendedMessageList.action'
    headers = {
      'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:56.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/56.0',
      'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
      }
    payload = {
      'showFlag': '0',
      'type': '1',
      'fsnl': 'on',
      'receiversId_': '63110542',
      'receiveName': '9705家长;',
      'content': 'Test msg sending,time ' + now,
      'templateType': '1',
      'addTeachername': '0',
      'isGreed': '0',
      'send': '1',
      'startDayTime': '2018-12-20',
      'hourss': '22',
      'munit': '29',
      'selectRole': '2',
      'receiversIds': '63110542',
      'templateFlag': '0'
    }
    
    # 加载cookies
    coo = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()
    coo.set('__utma', '82342229.1946326147.***.1545556722.1545556733.4')
    coo.set('JSESSIONID', 'D898010550***ADB0600BF31FF')
    sess = requests.session()
    sess.cookies.update(coo)
    
    
    def checkMsg():
      """
      在已发送短信列表检查已发送短信
      :return:
      """
      i = 1
      while True:
        try:
          cm_resp = sess.get(msgList_url, headers=headers, allow_redirects=False)
        except Exception as e:
          return str(e)
        else:
          time.sleep(1)
          cm_key = re.findall('Test msg sending,time33 ' + now, cm_resp.text)
          i += 1
          if i <= 30:
            if len(cm_key):
              break
          else:
            cm_key = ['More than 30 times,no result']
            break
      print('Request %d times' % i)
      return cm_key
    
    
    def sendMsg():
      """
      send message
      :return:
      """
      try:
        resp = sess.post(sendMsg_url, headers=headers, data=payload, allow_redirects=False)
      except Exception as e:
        return str(e)
      else:
        if resp.status_code == 200:
          key = re.findall('通知发送已成功', resp.text)
          cm_key = checkMsg()
          # print(key, cm_key)
          if len(key) and len(cm_key):
            if cm_key[0] == 'Test msg sending,time ' + now:
              return 200
            elif cm_key[0] == 'More than 30 times,no result':
              return 'More than 30 times,no result'
            else:
              # print('Check Msg connect fail:' + str(cm_key))
              return 'Check Msg connect fail: ' + cm_key
        elif resp.status_code == 302:
          return 302
        else:
          return resp.status_code
    
    
    if __name__ == '__main__':
    
      receiver = ['**@***.com'] # 收件人邮件列表
      status = sendMsg()
      print(status)
      if status == 200:
        alert_content = "normal"
        print('Test Success!')
      elif status == 'More than 30 times,no result':
        alert_content = "短信已发送,查询已发状态失败!"
      elif 'Check Msg connect fail:' in str(status):
        alert_content = "短信已发送,无法查询已发状态,报错信息:%s" % status.split(':')[-1]
      elif status == 302:
        alert_content = "Session失效,请重新获取'JSESSIONID'!"
      else:
        alert_content = "短信下发失败,报错信息:%s" % status
      if alert_content != "normal":
        send_alert_email(receiver, alert_content)

    sendAlertEmail.py,方法较常见,此处略

    五、最 后

    完成以上,将脚本放在jenkins上定时构建,即可实现实时监控平台侧消息下发情况并及时反馈报警邮件的需求

    jsjbwy
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