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    python读取excel数据并且画图的实现示例

    作者:TR_Goldfish 时间:2021-07-26 18:53

    目录
    • 一,要读取的数据的格式:
    • 二,数据读取部分:
    • 三,画图函数
      • 1. def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year)
        • 1.1 效果:
        • 1.2 完整代码

    一,要读取的数据的格式:

    二,数据读取部分:

    b站视频参考:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV14C4y1W7Nj?t=148

    # 1930
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1930.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A1=[]
    B1=[]
    # sheet.cell_value(i,0):第i行的第0个元素
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A1)!=len(B1):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A1,B1,1930)
     
    

    三,画图函数

    1. def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year)

    参数介绍

    参数名 参数含义
    Music_genre 音乐流派名称list
    singer_num 音乐流派对应音乐家数量list
    year 读的文件的年份(因为源代码是从1840到2020的)

    def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year):
     arr_len=len(Music_genre)
     # 由循环得到一个字典,key是音乐流派,value是这个音乐流派对应的音乐家的数量
     i=0
     dict_music_singer={}
     while i<arr_len:
     dict_music_singer[Music_genre[i]]=singer_num[i]
     i=i+1
     
    	# 注释1
     pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr_len), height=0.3, width=singer_num, orientation="horizontal")
     # 注释2
     pyplot.yticks(range(arr_len),Music_genre)
     # 加title,展示图像
     pyplot.title(year)
     pyplot.show()
     
     ...
     ...
     drawBar(A1,B1,1930)
     
    

    注释1:

    """
     水平条形图,需要修改以下属性
     orientation="horizontal"
    """
    import numpy as np
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
     
    # 数据
    N = 5
    x = [20, 10, 30, 25, 15]
    y = [0,1,2,3,4]
     
    # 绘图 x= 起始位置, bottom= 水平条的底部(左侧), y轴, height 水平条的宽度, width 水平条的长度
    p1 = plt.bar(x=0, bottom=y, height=0.5, width=x, orientation="horizontal")
    pyplot.bar(range(arr_len),singer_num,align='center')
    pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr_len), height=0.5, width=singer_num, orientation="horizontal")
    # 展示图形
    plt.show()
    

    注释2:plt.xticks的第一个参数和plt.plot的第一个参数一样,第二个参数是和第一个参数相同长度的list此例中用来代替横坐标

    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
    y = [1, 4, 9, 6]
    labels = ['Frogs', 'Hogs', 'Bogs', 'Slogs']
     
    plt.plot(x, y)
    # You can specify a rotation for the tick labels in degrees or with keywords.
    plt.xticks(x, labels, rotation='vertical')
    # Pad margins so that markers don't get clipped by the axes
    plt.margins(0.2)
    # Tweak spacing to prevent clipping of tick-labels
    plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.15)
    plt.show()
    

    1.1 效果:

    1.2 完整代码

    import pandas as pd
    import numpy as np 
    import xlrd
    from matplotlib import pyplot
    def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year):
     arr_len=len(Music_genre)
     
     i=0
     dict_music_singer={}
     while i<arr_len:
     dict_music_singer[Music_genre[i]]=singer_num[i]
     i=i+1
     #pyplot.bar(range(arr_len),singer_num,align='center')
     pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr_len), height=0.3, width=singer_num, orientation="horizontal")
     pyplot.yticks(range(arr_len),Music_genre)
     pyplot.title(year)
     pyplot.show()
     
     
    # 1930
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1930.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A1=[]
    B1=[]
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A1)!=len(B1):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A1,B1,1930)
     
     
     
    # 1940
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1940.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A2=[]
    B2=[]
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A2)!=len(B2):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A2,B2,1940)
     
     
     
    # 
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1950.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A3=[]
    B3=[]
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A3.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B3.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A3)!=len(B3):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A3,B3,1950)
     
     
     
    # 6
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1960.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A4=[]
    B4=[]
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A4.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B4.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A4)!=len(B4):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A4,B4,1960)
     
     
     
     
    # 
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1970.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A5=[]
    B5=[]
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A5.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B5.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A5)!=len(B5):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A5,B5,1970)
     
     
     
     
    # 
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1980.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A6=[]
    B6=[]
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A6.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B6.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A6)!=len(B6):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A6,B6,1980)
     
     
     
     
    # 9
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1990.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A7=[]
    B7=[]
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A7.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B7.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A7)!=len(B7):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A7,B7,1990)
     
     
     
     
    # 2000
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('2000.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A8=[]
    B8=[]
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A8.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B8.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A8)!=len(B8):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A8,B8,2000)
     
     
     
     
    # 
    workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('2010.xlsx')
    sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    A9=[]
    B9=[]
    for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
     A9.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
     B9.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    if len(A9)!=len(B9):
     print("False")
    drawBar(A9,B9,2010)
     
     
     
     
    # # 
    # workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('2020.xlsx')
    # sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
    # A2=[]
    # B2=[]
    # for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    # A2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    # B2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
     
    # if len(A2)!=len(B2):
    # print("False")
    # drawBar(A2,B2,2020)
     
     
     
     
     
     
    
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