当前位置 博文首页 > Python实现一个论文下载器的过程
在科研学习的过程中，我们难免需要查询相关的文献资料，而想必很多小伙伴都知道SCI-HUB，此乃一大神器，它可以帮助我们搜索相关论文并下载其原文。可以说，SCI-HUB造福了众多科研人员，用起来也是“美滋滋”。
然而，当师姐告诉我：“xx，可以帮我下载几篇文献嘛?”。乐心助人的我自当是满口答应了，心想：“这种小事就交给我叭~”
于是乎，我收到了一个excel文档，66篇论文的列表安静地趟在里面（此刻心中碎碎念：“这尼玛，是几篇嘛...”）。我粗略算了一下，复制、粘贴、下载，一套流程走下来，每篇论文少说也得30秒，66篇的话....啊，这不能忍！
很显然，一篇一篇的下载，不是我的风格所以，我决定写一个论文下载器助我前行。
代码分析的详细思路跟以往依旧如此雷同，逃不过的还是：抓包分析->模拟请求->代码整合。由于一会儿kimol君还得去搬砖，今天就不详细展开了。
通过论文的URL、PMID、DOI号或者论文标题等搜索到对应的论文，并通过bs4库找出PDF原文的链接地址，代码如下：
def search_article(artName):
'''
搜索论文
---------------
输入：论文名
---------------
输出：搜索结果（如果没有返回""，否则返回PDF链接）
'''
url = 'https://www.sci-hub.ren/'
headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0',
'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2',
'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br',
'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
'Content-Length':'123',
'Origin':'https://www.sci-hub.ren',
'Connection':'keep-alive',
'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'}
data = {'sci-hub-plugin-check':'',
'request':artName}
res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)
html = res.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
iframe = soup.find(id='pdf')
if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章
return ''
else:
downUrl = iframe['src']
if 'http' not in downUrl:
downUrl = 'https:'+downUrl
return downUrl
得到了论文的链接地址之后，只需要通过requests发送一个请求，即可将其下载：
def download_article(downUrl):
'''
根据论文链接下载文章
----------------------
输入：论文链接
----------------------
输出：PDF文件二进制
'''
headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0',
'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2',
'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br',
'Connection':'keep-alive',
'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'}
res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers)
return res.content
将上述两个函数整合之后，我的完整代码如下：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Jan 5 16:32:22 2021
@author: kimol_love
"""
import os
import time
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
def search_article(artName):
'''
搜索论文
---------------
输入：论文名
---------------
输出：搜索结果（如果没有返回""，否则返回PDF链接）
'''
url = 'https://www.sci-hub.ren/'
headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0',
'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2',
'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br',
'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
'Content-Length':'123',
'Origin':'https://www.sci-hub.ren',
'Connection':'keep-alive',
'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'}
data = {'sci-hub-plugin-check':'',
'request':artName}
res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data)
html = res.text
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
iframe = soup.find(id='pdf')
if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章
return ''
else:
downUrl = iframe['src']
if 'http' not in downUrl:
downUrl = 'https:'+downUrl
return downUrl
def download_article(downUrl):
'''
根据论文链接下载文章
----------------------
输入：论文链接
----------------------
输出：PDF文件二进制
'''
headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0',
'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2',
'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br',
'Connection':'keep-alive',
'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'}
res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers)
return res.content
def welcome():
'''
欢迎界面
'''
os.system('cls')
title = '''
_____ _____ _____ _ _ _ _ ____
/ ____|/ ____|_ _| | | | | | | | _ \
| (___ | | | |______| |__| | | | | |_) |
\___ \| | | |______| __ | | | | _ <
____) | |____ _| |_ | | | | |__| | |_) |
|_____/ \_____|_____| |_| |_|\____/|____/
'''
print(title)
if __name__ == '__main__':
while True:
welcome()
request = input('请输入URL、PMID、DOI或者论文标题：')
print('搜索中...')
downUrl = search_article(request)
if downUrl == '':
print('未找到相关论文，请重新搜索！')
else:
print('论文链接：%s'%downUrl)
print('下载中...')
pdf = download_article(downUrl)
with open('%s.pdf'%request, 'wb') as f:
f.write(pdf)
print('---下载完成---')
time.sleep(0.8)
不出所料，代码一跑，我便轻松完成了师姐交给我的任务，不香嘛？
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