INSERT INTO t_menu_info (
	menu_id,
	menu_name,
	menu_level,
	parent_id,
	creater,
	create_time,
	modify_time,
	img_url,
	menu_order,
	remark
) SELECT DISTINCT
	t.menu_id,
	'数据总览',
	2,
	t.parent_id,
	'烧鱼',
	NOW(),
	NOW(),
	t.img_url,
	t.menu_order,
	'数据总览'
FROM
	t_menu_info t
WHERE
	t.menu_level = 2
AND t.menu_name = '首页'
AND t.`status` = 1;

update中进行字符串拼接

UPDATE t_menu_info
SET parent_id = menu_id,
 menu_name = 'GIS地图',
 menu_level = 3,
 remark = 'GIS地图',
 menu_id = concat(menu_id, '01')
WHERE
	menu_level = 2
AND menu_name = '首页'
AND `status` = 1;