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    北漂程序员:一次性讲清楚spring中bean的生命周期之一:getSingl

    作者:北漂程序员 时间:2021-06-30 18:35

    要想讲清楚spring中bean的生命周期,真的是不容易,以AnnotationConfigApplicationContext上下文为基础来讲解bean的生命周期,AnnotationConfigApplicationContext是基于注解的上下文,使用XML的方式现在很少见,所以以此上下文为基础,使用XML的上下文ClassPathXmlApplicationContext的步骤和AnnotationConfigApplicationContext类似。

    了解过spring源码的都知道,在AnnotationConfigApplicationContext中调用了父类AbstractApplicationContext的refresh()方法,

    refresh方法中调用了10个左右的方法,具体方法不一一细看,看今天分析的重点方法finishBeanFactoryInitialization方法,

    @Override
    	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
    		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
    			// Prepare this context for refreshing.
    			prepareRefresh();
    
    			// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
    			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
    
    			// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
    			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
    
    			try {
    				// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
    				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
    
    				// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
    				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
    
    				// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
    				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
    
    				// Initialize message source for this context.
    				initMessageSource();
    
    				// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
    				initApplicationEventMulticaster();
    
    				// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
    				onRefresh();
    
    				// Check for listener beans and register them.
    				registerListeners();
    
    				// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
    				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
    
    				// Last step: publish corresponding event.
    				finishRefresh();
    			}
    
    			catch (BeansException ex) {
    				if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
    					logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
    							"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
    				}
    
    				// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
    				destroyBeans();
    
    				// Reset 'active' flag.
    				cancelRefresh(ex);
    
    				// Propagate exception to caller.
    				throw ex;
    			}
    
    			finally {
    				// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
    				// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
    				resetCommonCaches();
    			}
    		}
    	}
    

     

    在该方法中又调用了preInstantiateSingletons()方法,这个方法才是今天的主角,在该方法中会生成所有非懒加载的单例bean。方法定义如下,

    @Override
    	public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
    		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
    			logger.trace("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
    		}
    
    		// Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.
    		// While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.
    		List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);
    
    		// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
    		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
    			RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
    			if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
    				if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
    					Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
    					if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
    						final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
    						boolean isEagerInit;
    						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
    							isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
    											((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
    									getAccessControlContext());
    						}
    						else {
    							isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
    									((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
    						}
    						if (isEagerInit) {
    							getBean(beanName);
    						}
    					}
    				}
    				else {
    					getBean(beanName);
    				}
    			}
    		}
    
    		// Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...
    		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
    			Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
    			if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
    				final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
    				if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
    					AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
    						smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
    						return null;
    					}, getAccessControlContext());
    				}
    				else {
    					smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
    				}
    			}
    		}
    	}
    

     

    该方法完成的主要逻辑是遍历所有的beanName,调用getBean(beanName)方法生成单例bean,在遍历过程中对FactoryBean做了特殊的判断,大家都知道FactoryBean是一种特殊的bean,在《spring中FactoryBean是什么bean》重点分析该bean。重点看getBean(beanName)方法,getBean(beanName)方法调用了doGetBean(beanName)方法,

    @Override
    	public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
    		return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
    	}

    doGetBean方法定义如下,

    protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
    			@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
    
    		final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
    		Object bean;
    
    		// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
    		Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
    		if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
    			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
    				if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
    					logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
    							"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
    				}
    				else {
    					logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
    				}
    			}
    			bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
    		}
    
    		else {
    			// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
    			// We're assumably within a circular reference.
    			if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
    				throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
    			}
    
    			// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
    			BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
    			if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
    				// Not found -> check parent.
    				String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
    				if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
    					return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
    							nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
    				}
    				else if (args != null) {
    					// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
    					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
    				}
    				else if (requiredType != null) {
    					// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
    					return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
    				}
    				else {
    					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
    				}
    			}
    
    			if (!typeCheckOnly) {
    				markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
    			}
    
    			try {
    				final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
    				checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
    
    				// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
    				String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
    				if (dependsOn != null) {
    					for (String dep : dependsOn) {
    						if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
    							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
    									"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
    						}
    						registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
    						try {
    							getBean(dep);
    						}
    						catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
    							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
    									"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
    						}
    					}
    				}
    
    				// Create bean instance.
    				if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
    					sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
    						try {
    							return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
    						}
    						catch (BeansException ex) {
    							// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
    							// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
    							// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
    							destroySingleton(beanName);
    							throw ex;
    						}
    					});
    					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
    				}
    
    				else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
    					// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
    					Object prototypeInstance = null;
    					try {
    						beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
    						prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
    					}
    					finally {
    						afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
    					}
    					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
    				}
    
    				else {
    					String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
    					final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
    					if (scope == null) {
    						throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
    					}
    					try {
    						Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
    							beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
    							try {
    								return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
    							}
    							finally {
    								afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
    							}
    						});
    						bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
    					}
    					catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
    						throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
    								"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
    								"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
    								ex);
    					}
    				}
    			}
    			catch (BeansException ex) {
    				cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
    				throw ex;
    			}
    		}
    
    		// Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
    		if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
    			try {
    				T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
    				if (convertedBean == null) {
    					throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
    				}
    				return convertedBean;
    			}
    			catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
    				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
    					logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
    							ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
    				}
    				throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
    			}
    		}
    		return (T) bean;
    	}

    doGetBean方法中有getSingleton、getObjectForBeanInstance、createBean等方法是很重要的。在doGetBean方法中首先调用getSingleton方法检查单例缓存中是否有该bean,如果没有则判断当前bean的作用域是单例(singleton)还是原型(prototype),如果是单例的,再次调用getSingleton方法,不过这次的该方法是重载的一个;如果是原型的则调用createBean方法生成bean,上面几个步骤生成的beanInstance均要调用getObjectForBeanInstance方法获得bean对象。先看getSingleton方法

    @Nullable
        protected Object getSingleton(String beanName, boolean allowEarlyReference) {
            Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
            if (singletonObject == null && isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
                    singletonObject = this.earlySingletonObjects.get(beanName);
                    if (singletonObject == null && allowEarlyReference) {
                        ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory = this.singletonFactories.get(beanName);
                        if (singletonFactory != null) {
                            singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
                            this.earlySingletonObjects.put(beanName, singletonObject);
                            this.singletonFactories.remove(beanName);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return singletonObject;
        }

    在该方法中涉及到三个对象singletonObjects、earlySingletonObjects、singletonFactories,使用这三个对象可以很好的解决循环依赖的问题,这里暂时不讲这个,先看其中的逻辑,

    执行的逻辑大概是上面的过程。对singletonObject、earlySingletonObjects、singletonFactories逐级判断,其中singletonFactories中存储的是提前暴露的实例工厂,用来生成一个实例或者实例的代理类。

     

    本文重点对spring生成bean的入门进行了分析,重点分析了代码的调用过程及getSingleton方法,该方法还有一个重载的方法,放到后面分析。

    bk