当前位置 博文首页 > 沉淀所有的痛：transient的作用及序列化
1.transient 介绍
2. transient 使用总结
1. 程序入口：
writeObject（obj）
Student stu1 = new Student(1001, "jack", "play");
Student stu2 = new Student(1002, "tom", "sleep");
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("d:\\stu.dat"));
oos.writeObject(stu1);
oos.writeObject(stu2);
oos.close();
public ObjectOutputStream(OutputStream out) throws IOException {
verifySubclass();
// bout是底层的数据字节容器
bout = new BlockDataOutputStream(out);
handles = new HandleTable(10, (float) 3.00);
subs = new ReplaceTable(10, (float) 3.00);
enableOverride = false;
// 写入序列化文件头
writeStreamHeader();
// 设置文件缓存刷新配置
bout.setBlockDataMode(true);
if (extendedDebugInfo) {
debugInfoStack = new DebugTraceInfoStack();
} else {
debugInfoStack = null;
}
}
writeStreamHeader的方法内容如下：
protected void writeStreamHeader() throws IOException {
bout.writeShort(STREAM_MAGIC);
bout.writeShort(STREAM_MAGIC);
}
3. 调用writeObject()方法进行具体的序列化写入
public final void writeObject(Object obj) throws IOException {
if (enableOverride) {
writeObjectOverride(obj);
return;
}
try {
writeObject0(obj, false);
} catch (IOException ex) {
if (depth == 0) {
writeFatalException(ex);
}
throw ex;
}
}
private void writeObject0(Object obj, boolean unshared)
throws IOException
{
boolean oldMode = bout.setBlockDataMode(false);
depth++;
try {
// handle previously written and non-replaceable objects
int h;
if ((obj = subs.lookup(obj)) == null) {
writeNull();
return;
} else if (!unshared && (h = handles.lookup(obj)) != -1) {
writeHandle(h);
return;
} else if (obj instanceof Class) {
writeClass((Class) obj, unshared);
return;
} else if (obj instanceof ObjectStreamClass) {
writeClassDesc((ObjectStreamClass) obj, unshared);
return;
}
// check for replacement object
Object orig = obj;
// 需要序列的对象的Class对象
Class<?> cl = obj.getClass();
ObjectStreamClass desc;
for (;;) {
// 提示：跳过检查string和数组
// REMIND: skip this check for strings/arrays?
Class<?> repCl;
// 创建描述c1的ObjectStreamClass对象
desc = ObjectStreamClass.lookup(cl, true);
if (!desc.hasWriteReplaceMethod() ||
(obj = desc.invokeWriteReplace(obj)) == null ||
(repCl = obj.getClass()) == cl)
{
break;
}
cl = repCl;
}
if (enableReplace) {
Object rep = replaceObject(obj);
if (rep != obj && rep != null) {
cl = rep.getClass();
desc = ObjectStreamClass.lookup(cl, true);
}
obj = rep;
}
// if object replaced, run through original checks a second time
if (obj != orig) {
subs.assign(orig, obj);
if (obj == null) {
writeNull();
return;
} else if (!unshared && (h = handles.lookup(obj)) != -1) {
writeHandle(h);
return;
} else if (obj instanceof Class) {
writeClass((Class) obj, unshared);
return;
} else if (obj instanceof ObjectStreamClass) {
writeClassDesc((ObjectStreamClass) obj, unshared);
return;
}
}
// remaining cases
// 根据实际要写入的类型，进行不同的写入操作
// 由此可以看出String、Array、Enum是直接写入操作的
if (obj instanceof String) {
writeString((String) obj, unshared);
} else if (cl.isArray()) {
writeArray(obj, desc, unshared);
} else if (obj instanceof Enum) {
writeEnum((Enum<?>) obj, desc, unshared);
} else if (obj instanceof Serializable) {
// 实现序列化接口的都会执行下面的方法
// 从这里也可以看出Serializable是一个标记接口，其本身并没有什么意义
writeOrdinaryObject(obj, desc, unshared);
} else {
if (extendedDebugInfo) {
throw new NotSerializableException(
cl.getName() + "\n" + debugInfoStack.toString());
} else {
throw new NotSerializableException(cl.getName());
}
}
} finally {
depth--;
bout.setBlockDataMode(oldMode);
}
}
从上面可以看出主要做了两件事
writeOrdinaryObject()
因为序列化的对象数据转换为二进制，并且完全可逆。但是在RMI调用时
所有private字段的数据都以明文二进制的形式出现在网络的套接字上，这显然是不安全的
解决方案：
4. transient 在序列化底层的应用
static和transient修饰的字段不能被序列化。
private static ObjectStreamField[] getDefaultSerialFields(Class<?> cl) {
Field[] clFields = cl.getDeclaredFields();
ArrayList<ObjectStreamField> list = new ArrayList<>();
int mask = Modifier.STATIC | Modifier.TRANSIENT;
for (int i = 0; i < clFields.length; i++) {
if ((clFields[i].getModifiers() & mask) == 0) {
list.add(new ObjectStreamField(clFields[i], false, true));
}
}
int size = list.size();
return (size == 0) ? NO_FIELDS :
list.toArray(new ObjectStreamField[size]);
}
