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    Python tkinter实现图片标注功能(完整代码)

    栏目:Linux/apache问题 时间:2019-12-08 21:54

    .tkinter

    tkinter是Python下面向tk的图形界面接口库,可以方便地进行图形界面设计和交互操作编程。tkinter的优点是简单易用、与Python的结合度好。tkinter在Python 3.x下默认集成,不需要额外的安装操作;不足之处为缺少合适的可视化界面设计工具,需要通过代码来完成窗口设计和元素布局。

    Python tkinter实现图片标注代码,代码如下所述:

    #!/usr/bin/python
    # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
    import os
    import sys
    if sys.version_info < (3, 0): 
      import Tkinter as tk # 导入 Tkinter 库
      from tkFileDialog import askopenfilename, asksaveasfilename
    else :
      import tkinter as tk # 导入 Tkinter 库
      from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename, asksaveasfilename
    from PIL import Image, ImageTk, ImageDraw
    from time import sleep
    import numpy as np
    import cv2 as cv
    DEF_WIDTH = 1080
    DEF_HEIGHT = 720
    IMAGE_HEIGHT = 720
    FRAME_LEFT_WIDTH = 360
    # 太小的选定区域我们需要丢弃,防止误操作
    MINI_RECT_AREA = 20 
    class RawImageEditor:
      def __init__(self, win, img, rects):
        #变量X和Y用来记录鼠标左键按下的位置
        self.X = tk.IntVar(value=0)
        self.Y = tk.IntVar(value=0)
        self.sel = False
        self.lastDraw = None
        self.lastDraws = []
        self.imageScale = 1.0
        self.dispWidth = DEF_WIDTH # 图片显示区域的最大高度,宽度
        self.dispHeight = DEF_HEIGHT
        self.rawImage = img
        self.calcImageScale(self.rawImage)
        self.dispWidth = int(self.imageScale * self.rawImage.width)
        self.dispHeight = int(self.imageScale * self.rawImage.height)
        # 图片缩放
        self.dispImage = self.rawImage.resize((self.dispWidth, self.dispHeight))
        # 选择区域
        self.selPositions = []
        for r in rects :
          self.selPositions.append((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale))
        #创建顶级组件容器
        self.top = tk.Toplevel(win, width=self.dispWidth, height=self.dispHeight)
        #不显示最大化、最小化按钮
        self.top.overrideredirect(True)
        # Make topLevelWindow remain on top until destroyed, or attribute changes.
        self.top.attributes('-topmost', 'true')
        self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.top, bg='white', width=self.dispWidth, height=self.dispHeight)
        self.tkImage = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.dispImage)
        self.canvas.create_image(self.dispWidth//2, self.dispHeight//2, image=self.tkImage)
        for r in self.selPositions :
          draw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], outline='green')
          self.lastDraws.append(draw)
        #鼠标左键按下的位置
        def onLeftButtonDown(event):
          self.X.set(event.x)
          self.Y.set(event.y)
          #开始截图
          self.sel = True
          #重新绘制已经选择的区域
          for draw in self.lastDraws :
            self.canvas.delete(draw)
          self.lastDraws = []
          for r in self.selPositions :
            draw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], outline='green')
            self.lastDraws.append(draw)
        self.canvas.bind('<Button-1>', onLeftButtonDown)
        #鼠标左键移动,显示选取的区域
        def onLeftButtonMove(event):
          if not self.sel:
            return
          try:
            #删除刚画完的图形,要不然鼠标移动的时候是黑乎乎的一片矩形
            self.canvas.delete(self.lastDraw)
          except Exception as e:
            pass
          self.lastDraw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.X.get(), self.Y.get(), event.x, event.y, outline='green')
        self.canvas.bind('<B1-Motion>', onLeftButtonMove)
        #获取鼠标左键抬起的位置,保存区域截图
        def onLeftButtonUp(event):
          self.sel = False
          sleep(0.1)
          #考虑鼠标左键从右下方按下而从左上方抬起的截图
          left, right = sorted([self.X.get(), event.x])
          top, bottom = sorted([self.Y.get(), event.y])
          if (right - left) * (bottom - top) > MINI_RECT_AREA :
            self.selPositions.append((left,top,right,bottom))
          #self.top.destroy()
        #鼠标右键按下
        def onRightButtonDown(event):
          self.sel = False
          self.top.destroy()
        self.canvas.bind('<Button-2>', onRightButtonDown)
        self.canvas.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', onLeftButtonUp)
        self.canvas.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES)
      def calcImageScale(self, image) :
        w = image.width
        h = image.height
        self.imageScale = 1.0
        # 计算最小的缩放比例,保证原始宽高比
        if w > self.dispWidth and h > self.dispHeight :
          ws = self.dispWidth * 1.0 / w
          hs = self.dispHeight * 1.0 / h
          if ws < hs :
            self.imageScale = ws
          else :
            self.imageScale = hs
        elif w > self.dispWidth and h < self.dispHeight :
          self.imageScale = self.dispWidth * 1.0 / w
        elif w < self.dispWidth and h > self.dispHeight :
          self.imageScale = self.dispHeight * 1.0 / h
      def waitForWindow(self, win) :      
        win.wait_window(self.top)
      def selectedPositions(self) : 
        # 转换为原始像素位置
        realPos = []
        for r in self.selPositions :
          realPos.append((r[0] / self.imageScale, r[1] / self.imageScale, r[2] / self.imageScale, r[3] / self.imageScale))
        return realPos   
    class MainWin(tk.Tk):
      def __init__(self):
        if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
          super().__init__()
        else : 
          tk.Tk.__init__(self)
        self.title('图像处理工具')
        self.geometry('{}x{}'.format(DEF_WIDTH, DEF_HEIGHT))
        self.rawImagePath = ''
        self.rawImage = None # self.rawImage 原始图像,未经过缩放处理
        self.transRawImage = None # self.transRawImage 经过转换处理之后的原始图像,没有经过缩放处理
        self.dispImage = None # self.dispImage 显示图像,可能经过缩放处理
        self.imageScale = 1.0 # 图片缩放比例,根据缩放比例进行显示的时候的缩放处理,后期选择区域的时候,需要进行缩放还原
        self.leftFrameWidth = FRAME_LEFT_WIDTH
        self.frameDispHeight = DEF_HEIGHT # 整个窗口的高度
        self.labelTextHeight = 20 # 文本标签的高度
        self.btnHeight = 40 # 按钮的高度
        self.imageDispWidth = IMAGE_HEIGHT # 图片显示区域的最大高度,宽度
        self.imageDispHeight = self.frameDispHeight / 2 - self.labelTextHeight * 2
        # 选择区域
        self.liRect = []
        self.rawImageEditor = None
        self.setupUI()
      def scaleDisplayImage(self, image) :
        w = image.width
        h = image.height
        self.imageScale = 1.0
        # 计算最小的缩放比例,保证原始宽高比
        if w > self.imageDispWidth and h > self.imageDispHeight :
          ws = self.imageDispWidth * 1.0 / w
          hs = self.imageDispHeight * 1.0 / h
          if ws < hs :
            self.imageScale = ws
          else :
            self.imageScale = hs
        elif w > self.imageDispWidth and h < self.imageDispHeight :
          self.imageScale = self.imageDispWidth * 1.0 / w
        elif w < self.imageDispWidth and h > self.imageDispHeight :
          self.imageScale = self.imageDispHeight * 1.0 / h
        # 图片缩放
        return image.resize((int(self.imageScale * w), int(self.imageScale * h)))
     
      # 打开图片时使用,传值(图)给展示函数
      def openAndDisplayImage(self):
        self.rawImagePath = self.selectImageFile()
        if '' != self.rawImagePath :
          self.rawImage = Image.open(self.rawImagePath)
          self.rawImage = self.rawImage.convert('RGBA')
          self.drawRawImageDisp()
      def drawListBox(self):
        self.l_box.delete(0,tk.END)
        for item in self.liRect:
          r = '{},{},{},{}'.format(round(item[0],1), round(item[1],1), round(item[2],1), round(item[3],1))
          self.l_box.insert(0, r)
      def drawRawImageDisp(self, selItems=[]):      
        self.dispImage = self.scaleDisplayImage(self.rawImage)
        self.dispImage = self.dispImage.convert('RGB')
        draw = ImageDraw.Draw(self.dispImage)
        for i in range(len(self.liRect)) :
          r = self.liRect[i]
          if i in selItems :
            draw.rectangle((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale), outline = "red")
          else :
            draw.rectangle((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale), outline = "green")
        img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.dispImage)
        self.image_l_raw.config(image=img)
        self.image_l_raw.image = img
      def deleteSelectedItemFromListBox(self):
        #print(self.l_box.get(self.l_box.curselection()))
        idx = self.l_box.curselection()
        if len(idx) > 0 :
          kp = []
          for v in range(len(self.liRect)) :
            if v not in idx :
              kp.append(self.liRect[v])
          self.liRect = kp
          self.drawListBox() 
          self.drawRawImageDisp() 
      # 打开图片时使用,获得地址
      def selectImageFile(self):
        path = tk.StringVar()
        file_entry = tk.Entry(self, state='readonly', text=path)
        path_ = askopenfilename()
        path.set(path_)
        return file_entry.get()
      def rawImageLabelClicked(self, event):
        if None != self.rawImage :
          if None == self.rawImageEditor :
            self.rawImageEditor = RawImageEditor(self, self.rawImage, self.liRect)
            self.rawImageEditor.waitForWindow(self.image_l_raw)
            self.liRect = self.rawImageEditor.selectedPositions()
            self.rawImageEditor = None
            self.drawListBox()
            self.drawRawImageDisp()
      def onRectListboxSelect(self, event):
        idx = self.l_box.curselection()
        if len(idx) > 0 :
          self.drawRawImageDisp(idx)
      def drawTransImageDisp(self):      
        transImage = self.scaleDisplayImage(self.transRawImage)
        transImage = transImage.convert('L')
        img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(transImage)
        self.image_l_trans.config(image=img)
        self.image_l_trans.image = img
      def doTransRawImage(self):
        self.transRawImage = Image.new('L', (self.rawImage.width, self.rawImage.height))
        for r in self.liRect :
          im = self.rawImage.crop(r)
          cv_im = cv.cvtColor(np.asarray(im), cv.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
          hsv = cv.cvtColor(cv_im, cv.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
          _, _, v = cv.split(hsv)
          avg = np.average(v.flatten())
          pixels = im.load()
          for j in range(im.height) :
            for i in range(im.width) :
              hv = v[j,i]
              if hv < avg * 1.2:
                #im.putpixel((i, j), 0) # slow
                pixels[i, j] = 0
              '''else :
                im.putpixel((i, j), (255, 255, 255, 255))'''
          self.transRawImage.paste(im, (int(r[0]),int(r[1])), mask = None) 
        self.drawTransImageDisp()
      def onTransRawImageBtnClicked(self):
        if None != self.rawImage :
          self.doTransRawImage()
      def onSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked(self):
        if None != self.transRawImage :
          ext = os.path.splitext(self.rawImagePath)[-1]
          (path,name) = os.path.split(self.rawImagePath)
          filename = asksaveasfilename(title = '保存图片', initialfile = name, filetypes = (("jpeg files","*{}".format(ext)), ("all files","*.*")))
          if '' != filename :
            self.transRawImage.save(filename)     
      def setupUI(self):
        # 左边菜单栏
        left_f = tk.Frame(self, height=self.frameDispHeight, width=self.leftFrameWidth)
        left_f.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
        # 各种功能按钮名称及位置
        btnOpen = tk.Button(left_f, text='打开图像', command=self.openAndDisplayImage)
        btnOpen.place(y=25, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
        btnTrans = tk.Button(left_f, text='处理图像', command=self.onTransRawImageBtnClicked)
        btnTrans.place(y=85, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
        l_selRect = tk.Label(left_f, text = '鼠标选定区域')
        l_selRect.place(x=0, y=165, width=self.leftFrameWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
        '''列表'''
        self.l_box = tk.Listbox(left_f) # 创建两个列表组件
        self.l_box.place(x=0, y=165+self.labelTextHeight, width=self.leftFrameWidth, height=270)
        self.l_box.bind('<<ListboxSelect>>', self.onRectListboxSelect)
        self.drawListBox()
        # 删除选定项
        btnDel = tk.Button(left_f, text='删除选定项', command=self.deleteSelectedItemFromListBox)
        btnDel.place(y=460, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
        btnSave = tk.Button(left_f, text='保存结果', command=self.onSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked)
        btnSave.place(y=550, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
        # 右侧图像显示栏
        right_f = tk.Frame(self, height=self.frameDispHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth)
        right_f.pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
        l_rawT = tk.Label(right_f, text = '原始图片')
        l_rawT.place(x=0, y=0, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
        self.image_l_raw = tk.Label(right_f, relief='ridge')
        self.image_l_raw.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.imageDispHeight)
        self.image_l_raw.bind("<Button-1>",self.rawImageLabelClicked)
        l_transT = tk.Label(right_f, text = '处理后图片')
        l_transT.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight + self.imageDispHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
        self.image_l_trans = tk.Label(right_f, relief='ridge')
        self.image_l_trans.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight + self.imageDispHeight + self.labelTextHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.imageDispHeight)
    if __name__ == '__main__' :
      win = MainWin()
      # 进入消息循环
      win.mainloop()